The paper reports a review and analysis of the literature on preparation of hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) for allogeneic and autologic transplantation to adult patients with malignant neoplasms. Original data on the collection of HSC from different sources are presented along with prognostic factors for preparing sufficient amounts of HSC. The cells were obtained from a total of 122 subjects (298 procedures). It is shown that the choice of a HSC source and mobilization procedure on an individual basis ensures relatively safe HSC transplantation to all the patients for whom this operation is the treatment of choice.