Six Y-STR loci (UMN0929, UMN0108, UMN0920, INRA124, UMN2404 and UMN0103) were analyzed using 576 healthy and unrelated males and 10 females of the Qinchuan cattle population in Chinese Shaanxi Province. Allele frequency, gene diversity, the polymorphic information content, and the number of effective gene were calculated. All loci were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The population data were compared with published data of other cattle breeds, suggesting that Qinchuan cattle were originated primarily from Bos Taurus. Results are valuable for individual identification, paternity testing, and origin analysis of Qinchuan cattle breed.