Aim: Analysis of the factors involved in uncontrolled bronchial asthma (BA).
Material and method: Between October 2007 and November 2008 we evaluated 584 consecutive patients, known and treated for BA, and collected general data, medical history, disease onset, spirometry, treatment duration, treatment, asthma control test (ACT). The association of variables was analyzed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) together with confidence intervals (CI) in a univariate analysis. The significant independent variables were utilized to create models of multivariate logistical analysis in order to identify the most important predictors.
Results: 584 patients, 162 males (27,74%), 422 females (72,26%), medium age 45,38 +/- 17,48 years (9-85), 14% smokers, ACT <19 (36,2%), 20-24 (48,8%), 25 (15%), 43,1% exacerbations, 4 predictors for uncontrolled BA: exacerbations OR 4,11, CI 3,30-7,48, p<0,001, professional exposure OR 2,29, CI 1,23-4,26, p=0,009, altered lung function on spirometry OR=1,18, CI 1,02-1,36, p=0,021 (obstruction OR 3,78 CI 1,76-7,78, p=0,0001), duration of disease (months) OR=1,02, CI 1,00-1,03, p=0,021, smoking OR 0,57, CI 0,26-0,71, p=0,012.
Conclusions: More than 1/3 (36,2%) of treated asthmatic patients had uncontrolled asthma. Smoking is not among the predictors for lack of control.