Formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is regulated by N-terminal myristoylation and induces polarized membrane blebbing

J Biol Chem. 2009 Nov 27;284(48):33409-17. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.060699. Epub 2009 Oct 8.

Abstract

The formin protein formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is highly restrictedly expressed in hematopoietic lineage-derived cells and has been previously identified as a tumor-associated antigen. However, function and regulation of FMNL1 are not well defined. We have identified a novel splice variant (FMNL1gamma) containing an intron retention at the C terminus affecting the diaphanous autoinhibitory domain (DAD). FMNL1gamma is specifically located at the cell membrane and cortex in diverse cell lines. Similar localization of FMNL1 was observed for a mutant lacking the DAD domain (FMNL1DeltaDAD), indicating that deregulation of autoinhibition is effective in FMNL1gamma. Expression of both FMNL1gamma and FMNL1DeltaDAD induces polarized nonapoptotic blebbing that is dependent on N-terminal myristoylation of FMNL1 but independent of Src and ROCK activity. Thus, our results describe N-myristoylation as a regulative mechanism of FMNL1 responsible for membrane trafficking potentially involved in a diversity of polarized processes of hematopoietic lineage-derived cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing
  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / chemistry
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / genetics
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / metabolism*
  • DNA, Complementary / chemistry
  • DNA, Complementary / genetics
  • Formins
  • Humans
  • Immunoblotting
  • K562 Cells
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • Myristic Acid / metabolism*
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Protein Transport
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • rho-Associated Kinases / metabolism
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Cytoskeletal Proteins
  • DNA, Complementary
  • FMNL1 protein, human
  • Formins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Myristic Acid
  • src-Family Kinases
  • ROCK1 protein, human
  • rho-Associated Kinases

Associated data

  • GENBANK/FJ534522