Electrochemical investigation of Mn4O4-cubane water-oxidizing clusters

Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2009 Aug 14;11(30):6441-9. doi: 10.1039/b901419e. Epub 2009 May 26.

Abstract

High valence states in manganese clusters are a key feature of the function of one of the most important catalysts found in nature, the water-oxidizing complex of photosystem II. We describe a detailed electrochemical investigation of two bio-inspired manganese-oxo complexes, [Mn(4)O(4)L(6)] (L = diphenylphosphinate (1) and bis(p-methoxyphenyl)phosphinate (2)), in solution, attached to an electrode surface and suspended within a Nafion film. These complexes contain a cubic [Mn(4)O(4)](6+) core stabilized by phosphinate ligands. They have previously been shown to be active and durable photocatalysts for the oxidation of water to dioxygen. A comparison of catalytic photocurrent generated by films deposited by two methods of electrode immobilization reveals that doping of the catalyst in Nafion results in higher photocurrent than was observed for a solid layer of cubane on an electrode surface. In dichloromethane solution, and under conditions of cyclic voltammetry, the one-electron oxidation processes 1/1(+) and 2/2(+) were found to be reversible and quasi-reversible, respectively. Some decomposition of 1(+) and 2(+) was detected on the longer timescale of bulk electrolysis. Both compounds also undergo a two-electron, chemically irreversible reduction in dichloromethane, with a mechanism that is dependent on scan rate and influenced by the presence of a proton donor. When immersed in aqueous electrolyte, the reduction process exhibits a limited level of chemical reversibility. These data provide insights into the catalytic operation of these molecules during photo-assisted electrolysis of water and highlight the importance of the strongly electron-donating ligand environment about the manganese ions in the ability of the cubanes to photocatalyze water oxidation at low overpotentials.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Crystallization
  • Electrochemistry / methods*
  • Fluorocarbon Polymers / chemistry
  • Manganese / chemistry*
  • Materials Testing
  • Methylene Chloride / chemistry
  • Models, Chemical
  • Oxygen / chemistry*
  • Photochemistry / methods
  • Protons
  • Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / methods
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • Fluorocarbon Polymers
  • Protons
  • Water
  • perfluorosulfonic acid
  • Manganese
  • Methylene Chloride
  • Oxygen