The paper gives the results of studying the nutrition of Orenburg schoolchildren from different age groups and evaluating its influence on their nutritional status. The findings suggest that the nutrition of schoolchildren from different age groups is improper and inadequate due to the low nutritive value of children's diets, inadequate macro- and micronutrient intake and to unbalanced diets which result in impaired alimentary status, as suggested by a larger proportion of children with inadequate and excess nutritional status and with significant and drastically decreased functional reserves.