A high-power 588 nm light produced by an intracavity frequency-doubling acousto-optic Q-switched self-frequency Raman laser is reported. A 20-mm-long YVO(4)/Nd:YVO(4) composite crystal and a 15-mm-long LiB(3)O(5) (LBO) with noncritical phase-matching (theta=90 degrees , phi=0 degrees ) cut were adopted for efficient self-Raman laser operation and second-harmonic generation, respectively. By the optimizing the focus position of incident pump light and Q-switch repetition rate, yellow light with 5.7 W average power was generated under the pump power of 23.5 W, corresponding to the overall diode-yellow conversion efficiency of 24.2% and slope efficiency of 32%. The pulse width is about 16 ns, and the pulse energy is up to 95 microJ.