The assessment of new treatment strategies such as the atypical antipsychotic agents goes far beyond the assessment of psychopathology, and includes evaluation of their effects on a variety of needs associated with living in the community. This article provides some empirical data for such a multidimensional perspective in analysing drug treatment with conventional antipsychotics. We focus on two groups of schizophrenic patients discharged from a psychiatric hospital, who were followed up for one year. One group was treated with oral and the other with depot medication. The two groups were assessed on their needs for care, quality of life, and rehospitalisation rates. We found few significant differences between depot- and orally-medicated patients. However, patients treated with depot antipsychotics were receiving higher mean daily doses. Patients taking oral medication had a lower rate of adverse effects but were more non-compliant, which resulted in a higher rehospitalisation rate, confirming our assumption that patients take different risk-to-benefit decisions. Orally-medicated patients did not have a better functional status than depot-medicated patients.