Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) causes cellular alterations which are detectable from a cervico-vaginal smear. Cells marked by these alterations are defined as koilocytes and diskeratocytes. Whereas koilocytes are pathognomonic of HPV infection, diskeratocytes, found in isolation on a smear, do not always play a reliable diagnostic role. In this study, a sample group of 82 women aged between 25 and 60 (mean age 44 years) were examined who, following cytological tests, revealed isolated or agglutinated diskeratocytes as the sole element of suspected genital condylomatosis. A biopsy sample of the portio was collected from all patients during colposcopy, and histrological tests confirmed the existence of condylomatosis in 69%, often associated with preneoplastic pathologies: this percentage is considered statistically significant, thus confirming the positive association between dyskeratocytes detected on the smear and condylomatous alterations.