Brazilian Hansen's disease detection rate rose during the 80s and 90s of the 20th century. The Brazilian health system reform happened during the same period. Detection rate is a function of the real incidence of cases and the diagnostic agility of the health system. Coverage of BCG immunization in infants was used as a proxy variable for primary healthcare coverage. A log-normal regression model of detection rate as a function of BCG coverage, time and time square was adjusted to data. The detection rate presents an upward trend throughout the period and with a downturn beginning in 2003. The model showed a statistically significant positive regression coefficient for BCG coverage, suggesting that detection rate behavior reflects the improvement of access to health care. The detection rate began a trend towards decline in 2003, indicating a new phase of Hansen's disease control.