Background: Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a tyrosine kinase involved in the cytokine signaling of several growth factors such as erythropoietin and thrombopoietin in normal and neoplastic cells. The G to T exchange at nucleotide 1849 in exon 14 of the JAK2 gene leads to a substitution of valine with phenylalanine at the amino acid position 617 (V617F) of the JAK2 protein. Currently, the occurrence of the JAK2 V617F mutation is well recognized in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs).
Methods: We identified JAK2 V617F missense mutation in patients with MPD by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. HRM analysis is a new gene scan tool that quickly performs the PCR and identifies sequences alterations without requiring post-PCR treatment. This study included 7 PV patients (41.1%), 6 ET patients (35.3%), and 4 myelofibrosis patients (23.5%). Additionally, our methodology was compared with amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) assay.
Results: Up to 5% of the JAK2 V617F mutation was successfully detected in patients with MPD using HRM analysis. Eleven out of 17 patients (64.7%) were positive for the presence of JAK2 V617F mutation. The prevalence of mutation in the different subtypes of MPDs was 85.7% in PV (6 of 7 patients), 66.7% in ET (4 of 6) and 5.9% in myelofibrosis (1 of 4). The results proved 100% comparable to those obtained by ARMS assay.
Conclusions: The HRM analysis is a rapid and effective technique for the detection of JAK2 V617F missense mutation.