Terahertz emission from ultrafast ionizing air in symmetry-broken laser fields

Opt Express. 2007 Apr 16;15(8):4577-84. doi: 10.1364/oe.15.004577.

Abstract

A transient photocurrent model is developed to explain coherent terahertz emission from air irradiated by a symmetry-broken laser field composed of the fundamental and its second harmonic laser pulses. When the total laser field is asymmetric across individual optical cycles, a nonvanishing electron current surge can arise during optical field ionization of air, emitting a terahertz electromagnetic pulse. Terahertz power scalability is also investigated, and with optical pump energy of tens of millijoules per pulse, peak terahertz field strengths in excess of 150 kV/cm are routinely produced.