Biomimetic and self-assembled calix[6]arene-based receptors for neutral molecules

Org Biomol Chem. 2009 Jun 21;7(12):2485-500. doi: 10.1039/b902456e. Epub 2009 Apr 23.

Abstract

The selective recognition of substrates or cofactors is a key feature of biological processes. It involves coordination bonds, hydrogen bonding, charge/charge and charge/dipole interactions. In this Perspective, we describe how the calix[6]arene core can be functionalized and shaped to act as a biomimetic molecular receptor. The strategy relies on the selective introduction of three amino arms on alternate phenolic positions. Upon metal ion binding or self-assembly via multiple ion-pairing and H-bonding, these amino arms are projected towards each other, thus closing the calixarene small rim. The resulting cone-shaped receptors act as molecular funnels displaying high affinities for a variety of neutral guests. Their hosting properties can be finely tuned by changing the small or the large rim or by allosteric effects. Induced-fit processes are also often observed as the cavity can expand for large guests or shrink for small ones. Hence, the different families of calix[6]arene-based receptors presented here highlight the importance of having a flexible and polarized hydrophobic structure to accommodate the guest.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomimetics*
  • Calixarenes / chemical synthesis
  • Calixarenes / chemistry*
  • Calixarenes / metabolism
  • Enzymes / chemistry
  • Enzymes / metabolism
  • Metals / chemistry
  • Metals / metabolism
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry
  • Organometallic Compounds / metabolism
  • Phenols / chemical synthesis
  • Phenols / chemistry*
  • Phenols / metabolism

Substances

  • Enzymes
  • Metals
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Phenols
  • calix(6)arene
  • Calixarenes