Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic organelles that store neutral lipids for use as an energy supply in times of nutrient deprivation and for membrane assembly. Misregulation of LD function leads to many human diseases, including lipodystrophy, obesity and neutral lipid storage disorders. A number of proteins have been shown to localize to the surface of lipid droplets, including lipases such as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and the PAT-domain proteins ADRP (adipophilin) and TIP47, but the mechanism by which they are targeted to LDs is not known. Here we demonstrate that ATGL and ADRP, but not TIP47, are delivered to LDs by a pathway mediated by the COPI and COPII coatomer proteins and their corresponding regulators.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
MeSH terms
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ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 / genetics
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ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 / metabolism
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Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / genetics
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Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / metabolism
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Brefeldin A / metabolism
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Coat Protein Complex I / metabolism*
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Coatomer Protein / metabolism*
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / ultrastructure
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Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching
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Golgi Apparatus / metabolism
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Golgi Apparatus / ultrastructure
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Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / genetics
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Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / metabolism
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HeLa Cells
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Humans
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Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
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Lipase / genetics
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Lipase / metabolism*
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Lipids*
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism
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Organelles / metabolism*
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Organelles / ultrastructure
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Perilipin-2
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Perilipin-3
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Pregnancy Proteins / metabolism
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / metabolism
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Protein Transport / physiology
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RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
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RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Vesicular Transport Proteins
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
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Coat Protein Complex I
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Coatomer Protein
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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GBF1 protein, human
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GGA adaptor proteins
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Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
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Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Lipids
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Membrane Proteins
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PLIN2 protein, human
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PLIN3 protein, human
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Perilipin-2
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Perilipin-3
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Pregnancy Proteins
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
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RNA, Small Interfering
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Vesicular Transport Proteins
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Brefeldin A
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Lipase
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PNPLA2 protein, human
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ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1