Yeast, beef and pork extracts counteract Clostridium difficile toxin A enterotoxicity

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2009 Jun;295(2):218-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01598.x. Epub 2009 Apr 14.

Abstract

Clostridium difficile is responsible for a large proportion of nosocomial cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis. The present study provides evidence that yeast, beef and pork extracts, ingredients commonly used to grow bacteria, can counteract C. difficile toxin A enterotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In model intestinal epithelial cells the individual extracts could prevent the toxin A-induced decrease in epithelial barrier function and partially prevented actin disaggregation and cell rounding. Mice with ad libitum access to individual extracts for 1 week had almost complete reduction in toxin A-induced fluid secretion in intestinal loops. Concomitantly, the toxin A-induced expression of the essential proinflammatory mediator Cox-2 was normalized. Moreover this protective effect was also seen when mice received only two doses of extract by intragastric gavage within 1 week. These results show that yeast, beef and pork extracts have the potential to counteract the intestinal pathogenesis triggered by C. difficile toxin A.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Toxins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Bacterial Toxins / toxicity*
  • Cattle
  • Clostridioides difficile / metabolism
  • Clostridioides difficile / pathogenicity
  • Colon* / cytology
  • Colon* / drug effects
  • Colon* / pathology
  • Culture Media / chemistry
  • Electric Impedance
  • Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / microbiology
  • Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / pathology
  • Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / therapy*
  • Enterotoxins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Enterotoxins / toxicity*
  • Epithelial Cells / cytology
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Epithelial Cells / pathology
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / pathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Meat Products*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Nutrition Therapy*
  • Swine
  • Yeasts / chemistry*

Substances

  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Culture Media
  • Enterotoxins
  • tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile