We present a rare case of a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following mitral valve repair probably due to testing the valve's competence. The pseudoaneurysm was treated successfully with a sutureless technique in which layers of a biodegradable collagen system with fibrinogen-based coating were used. We reviewed the literature regarding left ventricular rupture following mitral valve surgery published from 1990 until 2006. Overall, the incidence of this complication was 0.56% for 10978 operations, and the mortality rate was 57.4%. We also describe a possible mechanism common to all forms of left ventricular rupture.