Although studies have demonstrated that resveratrol administration following adverse circulatory conditions is known to be protective, the mechanism by which resveratrol produces the salutary effects remains unknown. We hypothesized that resveratrol administration in males following trauma-hemorrhage decreases cytokine production and protects against lung injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent trauma-hemorrhage (mean blood pressure 40 mmHg for 90 min, then resuscitation). A single dose of resveratrol (30 mg/kg of body weight) or vehicle was administered intravenously during resuscitation. Twenty-four hours thereafter, tissue myeloperoxidase activity (a marker of neutrophil sequestration), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1, CINC-3, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the lung and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured (n = 6 rats/group). One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis. Trauma-hemorrhage increased lung myeloperoxidase activity, CINC-1, CINC-3, ICAM-1, and IL-6 levels and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These parameters were significantly improved in the resveratrol-treated rats subjected to trauma-hemorrhage. The salutary effects of resveratrol administration on attenuation of lung injury following trauma-hemorrhage are likely due to reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators.