Tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis by 'IAA-synthase' proceeds via indole-3-acetamide

Phytochemistry. 2009 Mar;70(4):523-31. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.01.021. Epub 2009 Mar 4.

Abstract

Plants are suggested to produce their major growth promoting phytohormone, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), via multiple redundantly operating pathways. Although great effort has been made and plenty of possible routes have been proposed based on experimental evidence, a complete pathway for IAA production has yet to be demonstrated. In this study, an in-vitro approach was taken to examine the conversion of l-tryptophan (l-trp) to IAA by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Especially the influence of putative reaction intermediates on the enzymatic conversion of l-trp to IAA was analyzed. Among the substances tested only indole-3-acetamide (IAM) showed a pronounced effect on the l-trp conversion. We additionally report that IAM is synthesized from l-trp and that it is further converted to IAA by the utilized cell free Arabidopsis extract. Together, our results underscore the functionality of an IAM-dependent auxin biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amidohydrolases / physiology
  • Aminohydrolases / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / drug effects
  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / metabolism*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Indoleacetic Acids / metabolism*
  • Indoleacetic Acids / pharmacology
  • Tryptamines / pharmacology
  • Tryptophan / metabolism*

Substances

  • Indoleacetic Acids
  • Tryptamines
  • tryptamine
  • indoleacetic acid
  • indoleacetamide
  • Tryptophan
  • Amidohydrolases
  • amidase
  • Aminohydrolases
  • nitrilase