Sensory optimization of broken-rice based snacks fortified with protein and fiber

J Food Sci. 2008 Aug;73(6):S333-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00853.x.

Abstract

A 3-component mixture experiment was used to optimize the formulation of broken-rice based snack fortified with protein and fiber based on consumer sensory acceptability. Soy protein isolate and guar gum were used as a good source of protein and fiber, respectively, according to DRV (daily reference value) based on a 2000-calorie diet. A consumer panel evaluated sensory acceptability of color, crispness, and flavor, and overall liking of 12 experimental broken-rice based snack formulations. Predicted models derived from the restricted nonintercept regression analysis were used to plot mixture response surfaces (MRS) of each sensory attribute. Areas within the MRS plots having predicted acceptability scores of at least 6.5 (on a 9-point hedonic scale) for color, crispness, flavor, and overall liking were selected to derive a predicted optimum formulation range. Flavor acceptability was a limiting factor in attaining the optimum formulation range, which consisted of 40% to 48% broken-rice flour, 8% to 16% guar gum, and 20% to 33% soy protein isolate. To verify the obtained predicted models, the formulation containing 48% broken-rice flour, 8% guar gum, and 20% soy protein isolate, which was located in the optimum area, was chosen to support our effort to utilize and add value to broken rice. Selected physicochemical measurements of the chosen optimized formulation were determined. One serving size (30 g) of the chosen optimized snack product provided 6.58 g protein and 3.80 g dietary fiber, which met the US FDA definition of a good source of protein and dietary fiber.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Color
  • Consumer Behavior
  • Dietary Fiber / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Fiber / analysis
  • Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Proteins / analysis
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Food Handling / methods
  • Food, Fortified / analysis*
  • Galactans / administration & dosage
  • Galactans / analysis*
  • Hot Temperature
  • Humans
  • Mannans / administration & dosage
  • Mannans / analysis*
  • Oryza / chemistry*
  • Plant Gums / administration & dosage
  • Plant Gums / analysis*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Sensation
  • Soybean Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Soybean Proteins / analysis*

Substances

  • Dietary Fiber
  • Dietary Proteins
  • Galactans
  • Mannans
  • Plant Gums
  • Soybean Proteins
  • guar gum