In period of April, 1982 to March, 1987 for 5 years, fifty-four patients with superficial bladder tumors were treated at the Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School. There were 42 males and 12 females with age ranged from 28 to 85 years old. All patient underwent TUR-Bt (trans urethral resection-bladder tumor) as an initial treatment. The rather long term follow-up study after initial treatment was 47 months in average. Recurrence rate at 2 years after TUR-Bt was 30%. The risk factors of recurrence were analysed in connection with sex, age, tumor number, histological grade and stage, and infiltration pattern. In conclusion, significantly higher recurrence rate were observed in G2 than G1 and G3, and in pT1b rather than pTa and pT1a. Other factors were not distinctly correlated with incidence of recurrence.