What is the mechanism of amine conjugate additions to pyrazole crotonate catalyzed by thiourea catalysts?

Org Biomol Chem. 2009 Feb 7;7(3):483-7. doi: 10.1039/b817283h. Epub 2008 Dec 3.

Abstract

Aminoindanol-derived thioureas catalyze proton transfer and do not stabilise anions in an asymmetric conjugate addition to pyrazole crotonate. Calculations show that the urea H-bonds play different roles in the preferred transition state and in the one leading to the minor enantiomer in the mechanism of hydroxy-thiourea catalyzed conjugate additions to pyrazole crotonates.