Design, synthesis, molecular modeling, and anti-HIV-1 integrase activity of a series of photoactivatable diketo acid-containing inhibitors as affinity probes

Antiviral Res. 2009 Mar;81(3):267-76. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.12.010. Epub 2009 Jan 9.

Abstract

The diketo acid (DKA) class of HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors is thought to function by chelating divalent metal ions on the enzyme catalytic site. However, differences in mutations conferring resistance to various DKA inhibitors suggest that multiple binding orientations may exist. In order to facilitate identification of DKA binding sites, a series of photoactivable analogues of two potent DKAs was prepared as novel photoaffinity probes. In cross-linking assays designed to measure disruption of substrate DNA binding, the photoprobes behaved similarly to a reference DKA inhibitor. Molecular modeling studies suggest that such photoprobes interact within the IN active site in a manner similar to that of the parent DKAs. Analogues Ia-c are novel photoaffinity ligands useful in clarifying the HIV-1 binding interactions of DKA inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / chemical synthesis
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / chemistry
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / metabolism*
  • HIV Integrase / metabolism*
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors / metabolism*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemistry
  • Photosensitizing Agents / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding

Substances

  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors
  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • HIV Integrase
  • p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1