Low-temperature effect on enzyme activities involved in sucrose-starch partitioning in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seedlings

Plant Physiol Biochem. 2009 Apr;47(4):300-7. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.12.001. Epub 2008 Dec 16.

Abstract

The effect of low temperature on growth, sucrose-starch partitioning and related enzymes in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) was studied. The growth of cotyledons and growing axes in seedlings grown at 25/20 degrees C (light/dark) and shifted to 5/5 degrees C was lower than in those only growing at 25/20 degrees C (unstressed). However, there were no significant differences between low-temperature control and salt-treated seedlings. The higher activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14) and soluble acid invertase (acid INV, EC 3.2.1.25) were observed in salt-stressed cotyledons; however, the highest acid INV activity was observed in unstressed cotyledons. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADP-GPPase, EC 2.7.7.27) was higher in unstressed cotyledons than in stressed ones. However, between 0 and 4days the highest value was observed in salt-stressed cotyledons. The lowest value of ADP-GPPase was observed in salt-acclimated cotyledons. Low temperature also affected sucrose synthase (SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13) activity in salt-treated cotyledons. Sucrose and glucose were higher in salt-stressed cotyledons, but fructose was essentially higher in low-temperature control. Starch was higher in low-temperature control; however, the highest content was observed at 0day in salt-acclimated cotyledons. Results demonstrated that low temperature induces different responses on sucrose-starch partitioning in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons. Data also suggest that in salt-treated cotyledons source-sink relations (SSR) are changed in order to supply soluble sugars and proline for the osmotic adjustment. Relationships between starch formation and SuSy activity are also discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chenopodium quinoa / drug effects
  • Chenopodium quinoa / enzymology*
  • Chenopodium quinoa / metabolism
  • Cold Temperature*
  • Cotyledon / drug effects
  • Cotyledon / enzymology*
  • Cotyledon / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / drug effects
  • Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase / metabolism
  • Glucosyltransferases / metabolism
  • Salts / pharmacology
  • Starch / metabolism*
  • Sucrose / metabolism*

Substances

  • Salts
  • Sucrose
  • Starch
  • Glucosyltransferases
  • sucrose synthase
  • sucrose-phosphate synthase
  • Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase