This paper presents the data of the morphological analysis of the healing of small intestine wounds as well as colon wounds and anastomoses created using the microsurgical operative techniques. The possibility of application and the efficacy of microsurgical technique was shown for the suturing of small intestine wounds during stage I and II peritonitis and large intestine anastomoses during the colonic passage disturbances with the epithelization by day 7. The significance of colon wall microanatomical peculiarities for the application of the microsurgical technique was determined. The possibility of wound and intestinal colonic anastomosis healing according to the primary type during the period of 4-6 days without the dense connective tissue scar formation is proved.