Objective: To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of endovascular repair for patients with DeBakey III aortic dissection.
Methods: From December 2002 to June 2007, endovascular TALENT stent-graft exclusion was performed in 75 (65 males, mean age 54.4 +/- 12.6 years) patients with DeBakey III aortic dissection (1 young woman due to Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, 2 young men due to primary aldosteronism and trauma respectively). All patients were diagnosed by contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) or MRI. Stent-grafts were deployed via femoral artery to exclude the tear of dissection. Aortic angiography was performed immediately after procedure.
Results: Eighty-one stent-grafts were installed in 75 patients successfully without operation related dissection. Endoleakage immediately after stent-graft deploying was evidenced in 25 patients and disappeared after stent placements (n = 6) or balloon dilation (n = 19). Two patients died from aortic rupture within 2 days after procedure. Iliac artery was torn in a female patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, this patient developed hemorrhagic shock after stent-graft placement and recovered after anti-shock treatments and iliac artery replacement with synthetic artery. During the follow-up of 1 - 24 months, 2 patients (including the woman with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) suddenly died half a year after procedure. The remaining patients were alive and well. Repeat CT during follow up showed that reduced lumen size and thrombosis in the false lumen. There was no aortic rupture, endoleak and stent migration during the follow-up period except descending aortic dissection distal of the stent-graft in 1 patient 1 year after procedure and the patient were successfully treated surgically without complication.
Conclusions: Endovascular repair is a safe and effective treatment for patients with DeBakey III aortic dissection, suitable for old patients with high risk of surgery. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome should be considered in young DeBakey III aortic dissection patients without hypertension. Further studies are warranted on endovascular repair therapy for artery complication of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.