Objective: To study the effects of palmitic acid (PA) on the proliferation of peripheral blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vitro.
Methods: The mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from the peripheral blood by Ficoll density-gradient centrifugation. The isolated EPCs were characterized by Di-LDI uptake and FITC-lectin binding assay using laser confocal microscope, and further identified by detection of CD34, CD133 and VEGFR2 expression using flow cytometry. The cultured EPCs were incubated in the presence of PA at the concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 micromol/L for different durations (0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h). The cell morphology was observed and cell proliferation determined with CCK-8 assay.
Results: Incubation with 400 and 800 micromol/L of PA significantly inhibited the proliferative ability of EPCs as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). PA at 400 micromol/L had the strongest effect on the cell proliferation, and this effect was intensified with the passage of time, reaching the peak at 48 h with the growth inhibition rate of 58.59% (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: High-concentration PA can significantly inhibit the proliferation of EPCs in vitro.