In a complex investigation were evidenced 12 selected enzymes (oxidoreductases and hydrolases) in the pancreas of normoglycemic sand rats (Psammomys obesus). The sand rat developed a spontaneous diabetic metabolism by holding in the vivarium. The material based of animal groups that were fooded ad libitum or after defined dietetic regimes. The topochemical pattern of enzymes in the Langerhans' islets and exocrine acini can be compared between the sand rat groups and with the good investigated model of the Wistar rat. Because enzymhistochemical investigations of the sand rat pancreas absented, were the results compared with the rare specific observations of other animals and the man and the changed metabolic level were discussed under the especially food situation and in diabetes mellitus.