A new ion-exchange capture technique is introduced for label-free sample preparation in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping. The DNA sample is hybridized with a new pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe and treated with a strong anion exchanger. The complementary PNA.DNA hybrid is selectively captured by the anion exchanger in the presence of noncomplementary or unhybridized PNA, allowing direct detection of the hybridization event on the anion exchanger by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry after simple washing. The high specificity of the pyrrolidinyl PNA allows simultaneous multiplex SNP typing to be carried out at room temperature without the need for enzyme treatment or heating. Exemplary applications of this technique, in the identification of meat species in feedstuffs and in multiplex SNP typing of the human IL-10 gene promoter region are demonstrated, clearly suggesting the potential for much broader applications.