Strain CPCC 100056(T), which was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The organism was coccobacillus-shaped, non-motile and formed vinaceous colonies on ISP2 agar medium. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10. The major fatty acids were C(18:1)omega7c and C(16:1)omega7c and/or C(16:1)omega6c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.3 mol%. A comparison of sequences in GenBank revealed that strain CPCC 100056(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (84.5-95.5%) with Roseomonas species. Strain CPCC 100056(T) could be distinguished from all Roseomonas species with validly published names by differences in phenotypic and genotypic properties. In view of the combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain CPCC 100056(T) should be classified as a representative of a novel species in the genus Roseomonas, Roseomonas vinacea sp. nov.; the type strain is CPCC 100056(T) (=KCTC 22045(T) =CCM 7468(T)).