The Diaphanous-related Formin FHOD1 associates with ROCK1 and promotes Src-dependent plasma membrane blebbing

J Biol Chem. 2008 Oct 10;283(41):27891-27903. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M801800200. Epub 2008 Aug 11.

Abstract

Diaphanous-related formins (DRFs) mediate GTPase-triggered actin rearrangements to regulate central cellular processes, such as cell motility and cytokinesis. The DRF FHOD1 interacts with the Rho-GTPase Rac1 and mediates formation of actin stress fibers in its deregulated form; the physiologically relevant activities and molecular mechanisms of endogenous FHOD1, however, are still unknown. Here we report that FHOD1 physically associates via the N-terminal part of its FH2 domain with the central domain of ROCK1. Although FHOD1 does not affect the kinase activity of ROCK1, the DRF is an efficient substrate for phosphorylation by ROCK1. Co-expression of FHOD1 and ROCK1 results in the generation of nonapoptotic plasma membrane (PM) blebs, to which the DRF is efficiently recruited. Blebbing induced by FHOD1 and ROCK1 depends on F-actin integrity, the Rho-ROCK cascade, and Src activity and is reminiscent of the recently described PM blebs triggered by expression of Src homology 4 (SH4) domain PM targeting signals. Consistently, endogenous FHOD1 is required in SH4 domain expressing cells for efficient PM blebbing and rounded cell morphology in two-dimensional cultures or three-dimensional matrices, respectively. Efficient association of FHOD1 with ROCK1, as well as recruitment of the DRF to blebs, depends on Src activity, suggesting that the functional interaction between both proteins is regulated by Src. These results define a role for endogenous FHOD1 in SH4 domain-induced blebbing and suggest that its activity is regulated by ROCK1 in a Src-dependent manner.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • COS Cells
  • Cell Membrane Structures / genetics
  • Cell Membrane Structures / metabolism*
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • Fetal Proteins / genetics
  • Fetal Proteins / metabolism*
  • Formins
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Stress Fibers / genetics
  • Stress Fibers / metabolism
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / genetics
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism
  • rho-Associated Kinases / genetics
  • rho-Associated Kinases / metabolism*
  • src Homology Domains / physiology
  • src-Family Kinases / genetics
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • FHOD1 protein, human
  • Fetal Proteins
  • Formins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • RAC1 protein, human
  • src-Family Kinases
  • ROCK1 protein, human
  • rho-Associated Kinases
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein