The background, technical characteristics and operation procedures of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) are introduced. The ophthalmic applications of this technique are summarized. The initial studies showed that anterior segment OCT can be a promising tool for the observation of image and analysis of the cornea, the imaging and biological measuring of the anterior chamber, the observation of image and quantitative evaluation of the anterior chamber angle, the observation of image and assessment of phakic intraocular lenses, the observation of image and evaluation of trabeculectomy blebs as well as the observation of ocular accommodation.