The most serious problem which must be solved in surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence is providing adequate support for the middle urethra or urinary bladder neck with minimal sling tension. High frequency of positive results of implantation of a free synthetic sling is explained by the fact that a prolen tape does not extend and reliably arrests shift of the vesico-urethral angle in elevation of intraperitoneal pressure unlike other artificial supports (a fascial loop, fixing ligatures, ect.). Thus, the TVT operation is an effective treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. The success of the surgical intervention depends primarily on adequate choice of patients and technically perfect conduction of the operation.