The role of intracavitary therapy in combination with external pelvic radiotherapy for endometrial carcinoma remains controversial. To determine the pelvic failure rat in patients receiving only external pelvic radiotherapy following total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAHBSO) for carcinoma of the endometrium, we undertook a retrospective review of all patients referred to the Radiation Oncology Department from January 1977 through December 1984. Patients with grade I, superficially invading tumors were excluded from this analysis. 52 patients were eligible for the study. Three patients who were lost to follow-up immediately after completion of external beam irradiation were excluded, leaving a total of 49 evaluable patients. The median follow-up time is 61 months. Pelvic failure was seen in only 2 patients (4%), both of them occurring concurrent with distant disease. No vaginal vault failures were observed. Overall actuarial survival at 5 years was 82%. We conclude that external beam pelvic radiotherapy alone without intracavitary boost appears to be an adequate treatment for patients undergoing TAHBSO for carcinoma of the endometrium.