Chemomics, the methodology for the study of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) on the substance basis, and chromatographic fingerprinting, the crucial technology of quality evaluation of TCMs, are introduced. The applications of chromatography as well as some related techniques in the information acquisition of TCMs are summarized. Guided by chemomics, with the results of chromatography and multi-component quantification, this research mode is of great significance to the establishment of the quality evaluation system of TCMs.