Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the first human retrovirus and causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the leukemic cells is essential for their growth and survival. Thus, NF-kappa B inhibitors have been attracting attention as a potential strategy to treat ATL. Recently, the field of retrovirus research has been stimulated by the discovery of an innate host defense factor, APOBEC3, against the retroviruses. HTLV-I is relatively resistant to the antiviral effects of APOBEC3. To clarify the resistance of HTLV-I against APOBEC3 might contribute to the design of effective therapeutic approaches.
MeSH terms
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APOBEC Deaminases
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Adult
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Animals
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Cytidine Deaminase
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Cytosine Deaminase / immunology
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Cytosine Deaminase / pharmacology*
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HTLV-I Infections / immunology
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HTLV-I Infections / metabolism
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HTLV-I Infections / prevention & control*
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Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / drug effects*
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Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / physiology
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Humans
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I-kappa B Proteins / immunology
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I-kappa B Proteins / pharmacology*
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Immunity, Innate
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Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / immunology
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Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / metabolism
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Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / prevention & control*
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NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
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NF-kappa B / antagonists & inhibitors*
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NF-kappa B / immunology
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Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / immunology
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Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
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Virus Replication / drug effects
Substances
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I-kappa B Proteins
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NF-kappa B
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NFKBIA protein, human
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Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
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NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
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Cytosine Deaminase
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APOBEC Deaminases
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APOBEC3 proteins, human
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Cytidine Deaminase