Current topics in prevention of human T-cell leukemia virus type i infection: NF-kappa B inhibitors and APOBEC3

Int Rev Immunol. 2008;27(4):225-53. doi: 10.1080/08830180801939272.

Abstract

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the first human retrovirus and causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) in the leukemic cells is essential for their growth and survival. Thus, NF-kappa B inhibitors have been attracting attention as a potential strategy to treat ATL. Recently, the field of retrovirus research has been stimulated by the discovery of an innate host defense factor, APOBEC3, against the retroviruses. HTLV-I is relatively resistant to the antiviral effects of APOBEC3. To clarify the resistance of HTLV-I against APOBEC3 might contribute to the design of effective therapeutic approaches.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • APOBEC Deaminases
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Cytidine Deaminase
  • Cytosine Deaminase / immunology
  • Cytosine Deaminase / pharmacology*
  • HTLV-I Infections / immunology
  • HTLV-I Infections / metabolism
  • HTLV-I Infections / prevention & control*
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / drug effects*
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / physiology
  • Humans
  • I-kappa B Proteins / immunology
  • I-kappa B Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / immunology
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / metabolism
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / prevention & control*
  • NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
  • NF-kappa B / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • NF-kappa B / immunology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / immunology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Virus Replication / drug effects

Substances

  • I-kappa B Proteins
  • NF-kappa B
  • NFKBIA protein, human
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
  • Cytosine Deaminase
  • APOBEC Deaminases
  • APOBEC3 proteins, human
  • Cytidine Deaminase