Assessing contaminant mobilization from waste materials: application of Bayesian parameter estimation to batch extraction tests at varying liquid-to-solid ratios

Environ Sci Technol. 2008 May 15;42(10):3717-23. doi: 10.1021/es702171z.

Abstract

We investigated the release of chloride, sulfate, sodium, copper, chromium, and dissolved organic carbon from a demolition waste material and a municipal waste incineration product Batch leaching tests at the liquid-to-solid ratios (L/S ratios) 1, 2, 5, 10, and 50 L kg(-1) were carried out and the parameters of a mass balance-partitioning model were estimated from measured concentrations in the extracts by applying a Bayesian approach using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler. We assessed the uncertainty of the model parameters, the desorption isotherms, and the model-predicted concentrations, respectively. Both the excellent fit to the experimental data and a comparison between the model-predicted and independently measured concentrations at the L/S ratios of 0.25 and 0.5 L kg(-1) showed the applicability of the model for almost all studied substances and both materials. Since experimental difficulties impede extraction tests at L/S ratios representative of field soil-water contents, the predictability of concentrations in this range is of great practical relevance for risk assessments. We conclude that batch extraction tests at varying L/S ratios provide, at moderate experimental cost, a powerful complement to established test designs like column leaching or single batch extraction tests.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bayes Theorem*
  • Environmental Pollutants / analysis*
  • Explosive Agents
  • Incineration
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Refuse Disposal*

Substances

  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Explosive Agents