Peripheral nerve lesions are relatively common injuries encountered by hand surgeons. These injuries are notorious for causing significant and potentially long-standing impairment to hand function. Numerous surgical techniques with varying degrees of success have been described to treat this injury. The evolution of peripheral nerve repair has led to the development of the nerve conduit, a surgical technique that functionally bridges the gap between transected nerves. We discuss a brief history and evolution of nerve conduits and offer our preferred technique for peripheral nerve repair with a collagen nerve conduit. In addition, we offer case studies and postoperative rehabilitation goals and present early results associated with this type of repair.