Objective: To evaluate the alteration of subunits composition in NMDA receptor and the alterations of the expression and distribution of NMDA receptors and parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) cortices.
Methods: Twenty cases of FCD samples (including all four subtypes of FCD) obtained during epilepsy surgery and 4 controls were analysed by immunohistochemical staining for NR1, NR2A/B and PV.
Results: Increased expression of NR1 was detected in the giant neurons and dysmorphic neurons in FCD; while pronounced expression of NR2A/B was detected in immature neurons, giant neurons and dysmorphic neurons of FCD, especially in somata and processes of the immature neurons. Compared with the controls, FCD cortices showed prominent scattered arrangement of PV positive neurons and fibers, dramatically decreased number of PV positive interneurons and PV background staining, especially in foci of FCD II subtype.
Conclusion: There are increased expressions of NR1 and NR2A/B subunits in FCD abnormal neurons, as well as scattered and reduced expressions of PV positive neurons and fibers in FCD cortices.