Managing evaporation for more robust microscale assays. Part 1. Volume loss in high throughput assays

Lab Chip. 2008 Jun;8(6):852-9. doi: 10.1039/b717422e. Epub 2008 Apr 8.

Abstract

Evaporation is a well known issue when handling small liquid volumes. Here we present a review of microscale assays prone to evaporation and methods to make them more robust. Applications for these assays span from combinatorial chemistry to cell-biology where the stability of concentrations and osmolarity can be critical. A dimensionless evaporation number Ev is presented and used to characterize volume loss in short term and long term microscale assays. Ev can be used both as a design tool and as an analysis parameter. The advantageous use of evaporation in some applications is also discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autoanalysis
  • Biological Assay / instrumentation
  • Biological Assay / methods*
  • Biology*
  • Cell Physiological Phenomena*
  • Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques / instrumentation
  • Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques / methods*
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / instrumentation
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / methods
  • Miniaturization / instrumentation
  • Miniaturization / methods*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Volatilization