To illustrate distribution of fat-soluble compounds in the roots, stems and leaves of four Salvia plants, the methods of Histochemistry and HPLC were adopted to analyze different parts of the four Salvia plants in this paper. The results showed that distribution was differential, and following as this: the roots, stems and leaves of four Salvia plants contained fat-soluble compounds, moreover, the fat-soluble compounds of the roots located in periderm and the stems and leaves in epidermis. The main components of the fat-soluble compounds were Tanshinone IIA, Tanshinone I and Dihydrotanshinone I in the toots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Salvia miltiorrhiza bge. f. alba, yet there were only Tanshinone IIA in the roots of Salvia japonica and Salvia officinalis. And fat-soluble compounds were not Tanshinone IIA, Tanshinone I and Dihydrotanshinone I in the stems and leaves of four Salvia plants. The type and content of fat-soluble compounds related to the species and introduction regions, they changed with the species and introduction regions. The conclusion clarified the accurate distribution of fat-soluble compounds in the different parts of four Salvia plants, and provided some theoretical basis for the application of Chinese herbs.