Objective: To study to what extent a brief intervention increases the rate of participation in the programme of early diagnosis of breast cancer (EDBC).
Design: Before-and-after intervention study without a control group on women who had not had a mammography.
Setting: Primary care: 3 rural lists and 2 urban ones.
Participants: All women between 52 and 67 who attended the clinic during a 6-month period.
Intervention: If they had had no mammography in the previous 2 years, the reasons were explored and a brief structured intervention, depending on the reason, was conducted. After this, the woman was invited to make an appointment with the EDBC Unit.
Main measurements: Effective intervention: checking that the mammography had been done at the EDBC Unit. It was checked whether women who had not attended for consultation attended the unit with their mammography done.
Results: Out of a target population of 565 women, 403 (71%) attended for consultation. Of these, 315 (78%) were in the programme, 51 (13%) had had a mammography outside the programme, and 37 (9%) had not had a mammography. After the intervention, 21 women had a mammography (56.7% [95% CI, 41-73] success of intervention). Seventy of the 162 women who did not attend for consultation had a mammography in the programme. The rate of participation in the EDBC rose from 68% (385/565) to 72% (406/565).
Conclusions: The brief intervention was effective in over half the women. This small increase contributed to reaching the minimum levels of coverage recommended in a programme of this kind.
Objetivo: Estudiar en qué medida una intervención breve aumenta la tasa de participación del programa de diagnóstico precoz de cáncer de mama (PDPCM).
Diseño: Estudio de intervención antes-después sin grupo control.
Emplazamiento: Atención primaria: 3 cupos rurales y 2 urbanos.
Participantes: Todas las mujeres de 52 a 67 años que durante 6 meses acudieron a consulta.
Intervención: En las mujeres que en los 2 años previos no se había realizado mamografía, se exploraban las razones y se realizaba una intervención breve estructurada en función de la causa. Tras esto se las invitaba a solicitar cita a la unidad del PDPCM.
Mediciones principales: Se comprobó la realización de la mamografía en la unidad del PDPCM.
Resultados: De una población objetivo del estudio de 565 mujeres, acudieron a consulta 403 (71%). De ellas, 315 (78,%) estaban en programa, 51 (13%) se habían realizado una mamografía fuera del programa y 37 (9%) no se habían hecho mamografía.
Tras la intervención, 21 (56,7% [intervalo de confianza del 95%, 41-73] de éxito de la intervención) se hicieron la mamografía; 70 de las 162 mujeres que no acudieron a consulta tenían mamografía realizada en programa. La tasa de participación del PDPCM subió del 68% (385/565) al 72% (406/565).
Conclusiones: La intervención breve es efectiva en más de la mitad de las mujeres. Este pequeño incremento contribuyó a alcanzar la cobertura mínima recomendable en un programa de este tipo.