Objectives: To review the current diagnosis and treatment of Leydig cell testicular tumors, with special attention to conservative treatment.
Methods: We report two cases of Leydig cell tumor in young adults, diagnosed two years after the appearance of bilateral gynecomastia as first clinical symptom.
Results: One year and eight months after orchyectomy, respectively, clinical symptoms completely disappear in the first case and significantly improved in the second.
Conclusions: Around 10% of the cases, and only in adult patients, these tumors may be malignant, being radical orchyectomy the treatment of choice, although conservative surgery may be performed. Independently of the operation, follow-up must be prolonged.