In order to truly understand the character and structure of fulvic acid, which contains many substances, the authors isolated fulvic acid detailedly according to its definite character and its characteristic of similar structure. Fulvic acid with H+ can be adsorbed by the XAD-8 column balanced by the usual buffer(pH 2). The hydrophilic fraction in fulvic acid can be divided into three groups using the buffer with various pH (4.8, 7.0 and 11.0), while the hydrophobic fraction can be classified into two groups by the distilled water and alcohol separately. For FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy analysis, three paddy soils were used. It may be concluded that the content of oxygen and carboxyl group dissolved at low pH is more than that dissolved in the water and alcohol, but the content of aliphatic fraction is less and has short side chain.