Are spirolides converted in biological systems?--A study

Toxicon. 2008 Apr;51(5):934-40. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.12.019. Epub 2007 Dec 23.

Abstract

Spirolides are biologically active macrocycles isolated first from scallops and phytoplankton from aquaculture sites in Nova Scotia, Canada. These compounds displayed "fast-acting" toxicity in the traditional bioassay. That phenomenon is related to the presence of a cyclic imine function in these compounds. Spirolides containing vicinal methyl groups in their seven-membered ring are suspected of being resistant to hydrolysis. We studied possible conversions of vicinal methyl groups wearing spirolides of Alexandrium ostenfeldii KO287 in enzymatic cell-free tissue extracts of Mytilus edulis, Pecten maximus and Crassostrea gigas. Our observations suggest that spirolides that contain an extra methyl group on the imine ring compared with spirolide A and B survive enzymatic hydrolysis conditions in shellfish and therefore may be toxic for human beings when shellfish is consumed.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell-Free System
  • Crassostrea / metabolism
  • Dinoflagellida / metabolism
  • Lactones / chemistry
  • Lactones / metabolism*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Mytilus edulis / metabolism
  • Pecten / metabolism
  • Spiro Compounds / chemistry
  • Spiro Compounds / metabolism*

Substances

  • Lactones
  • Spiro Compounds