Synthesis and electronic properties of sterically demanding N-arylphenothiazines and unexpected Buchwald-Hartwig aminations

J Org Chem. 2008 Mar 7;73(5):1795-802. doi: 10.1021/jo702389v. Epub 2008 Feb 5.

Abstract

Phenothiazine is coupled under Buchwald-Hartwig conditions with bromo anthracenes and perylene as substrates to give phenothiazine-anthracene and phenothiazine-perylene dyads and triads. Investigation of the electronic properties of these sterically demanding N-aryl phenothiazines by absorption and emission spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and DFT calculations revealed that the individual chromophores are decoupled in the electronic ground state but show unique electronic communication in the excited state. For the anthracenyl-bridged diphenothiazine an intense electronic coupling of the phenothiazinyl units is detected upon oxidation. Besides, attempts to synthesize phenothiazine compounds with even more sterically demanding aryl substituents in the 10-position under N-arylation conditions gave rise to the formation of quite unexpected products of arylation and/or oxidative coupling. The folding angle of the phenothiazine in a consanguineous series correlates well with the first oxidation potential.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemistry*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Phenothiazines / chemical synthesis*
  • Phenothiazines / chemistry

Substances

  • Amines
  • Phenothiazines