Available data suggest that fluoride varnish can be a safe and effective method for caries management. The application of varnish can be beneficial for those at risk for caries and for patients with special needs, and for those with no access to daily fluoride or other preventive methods. Even a small amount of varnish can be applied to active noncavitated lesions, assuring that a high concentration of the agent is available at the site where needed and that the total amount of active agent administered to the patient may be markedly reduced. Considering that varnish treatment is painless and can be easily performed by auxiliary dental personnel, it is a caries preventive method that can be easily applied and recommended for any age group, even young children. For high-risk caries patients with a significant cariogenic challenge, topical applications of fluoride might be insufficient and thus could be supplemented with other anticariogenic methods, such as xylitol chewing gum.