Background: Chronic biochemical cholestasis has been shown to be associated with a fivefold increase in histologically advanced liver disease in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition.
Aims: To investigate prevalence of chronic biochemical cholestasis in home parenteral nutrition patients and examine factors influencing its occurrence.
Methods: Records of all patients receiving home parenteral nutrition for >6 months treated at a single centre were reviewed and plasma biochemistry recorded. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with prevalence of chronic biochemical cholestasis.
Results: Records of 113 patients were reviewed. The point prevalence of chronic biochemical cholestasis was 24%, increasing to 28% if patients receiving parenteral fluid and electrolytes only were excluded. In multivariate analysis, presence of colon in continuity was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of chronic biochemical cholestasis, while total parenteral calorie intake was associated with a higher prevalence of chronic biochemical cholestasis. No association was seen between small intestinal lengths or between parenteral lipid intake and chronic biochemical cholestasis in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Chronic biochemical cholestasis is common in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition. High parenteral calorie intake and lack of a colon in continuity with small intestine are independently associated with an increased risk of chronic biochemical cholestasis.