Objective: To explore the risk factors of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) among persons at the age of equal to or older than 65 years old in Shanghai City.
Methods: A case-control study was carried out to study the risk factors of CAP. Some of the CAP cases were recruited from the survey in Xinhua Community and Bansongyuan Community, others were from a hospital's outpatients. The controls were taken sample from the two communities. All the cases and controls were 65 years old or above. The cases and controls were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression and chi-square test were used to analyze the data.
Results: 128 cases and 306 controls were enrolled for the case-control study. Through the multivariate logistic regression, it was found that the risk of CAP was increased with regard to age (OR = 1.049, 95% CI 1.007-1.093), smoking (OR = 2.317, 95% CI 1.224-4.386), ADL score (OR = 0.599, 95% CI 0.474-0.755), chronic respiratory system diseases (OR = 6.295, 95% CI 3.738-10.604) and non lung cancer (OR = 4.332, 95% CI 1.340-14.005).
Conclusion: Old age, smoking, lower ADL score, chronic respiratory system diseases and cancer may be the risk factors of CAP. The effective measures should be taken to prevent community acquired pneumonia of old persons with these characteristics.