Prevalence of the impaired glucose metabolism and its association with risk factors for coronary artery disease in women with gestational diabetes

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2008 Mar;79(3):433-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.10.015. Epub 2007 Nov 28.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes (GDM) has increased risk of diabetes (DM2), a coronary artery disease (CAD) equivalent. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) in GDM and its association with risk factors for CAD. A cohort of 109 women with GDM underwent a glucose tolerance test which classified them into three groups: diabetic (DM2) (fasting glucose (G) >or=126mg/dl or plasma glucose 2h (2-h G) >or=200mg/dl); impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (G 100-125mg/dl and/or 2-h G 140-199mg/dl); and normal (N) (G<100mg/dl and/or 2-h<140mg/dl). They were compared for pre-gestational (PBMI) and current (CBMI) body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), G, lipids, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Thirty two months after delivery, 17.4% presented DM2, 39.4% IGT and 43.1% were N. PBMI, CBMI, SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the DM2 than N. G was higher in DM2 and IGT. HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher in the N (p=0.02) and the triglycerides (TG) were higher in DM2 (p=0.02). The groups showed significantly different levels of hsCRP (p=0.002). We conclude that the high prevalence of IGM, overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia and altered inflammatory markers, make GDM a high-risk situation for CAD.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Blood Pressure
  • Body Mass Index
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coronary Artery Disease / etiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Complications*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes, Gestational / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Glucose Intolerance / blood
  • Glucose Intolerance / complications*
  • Glucose Intolerance / epidemiology
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Cholesterol, HDL