Centralized HIV-1 envelope immunogens and neutralizing antibodies

Curr HIV Res. 2007 Nov;5(6):572-7. doi: 10.2174/157016207782418498.

Abstract

Centralized HIV-1 genes (consensus, most recent common ancestor and center of the tree) have recently been explored for induction of broadly reactive immune responses to overcome the extraordinary genetic diversity among HIV-1 strains. Although all of these strategies are based on artificial sequences predicted by computer programs, they retain biological function, and use the CCR5 co-receptor for entry into target cells as transmitted HIV-1 Envs. Results from laboratory animals indicate that centralized immunogens are superior to many wild-type immunogens for inducing cross-subtype T and B cell immune responses. Structural modifications have improved the ability of consensus Envs to elicit antibody responses that neutralize a spectrum of HIV-1 Env pseudoviruses. However, the more difficult to neutralize tier 2 Env pseudoviruses are generally not neutralized well by anti-consensus Env antibodies, indicating the need for further modifications, new formulations, or additional strategies to generate antibodies that neutralize a full spectrum of transmitted HIV-1 strains.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • AIDS Vaccines / immunology*
  • Consensus Sequence* / genetics
  • Consensus Sequence* / immunology
  • Genes, env / genetics
  • Genes, env / immunology
  • HIV-1 / classification
  • HIV-1 / genetics
  • HIV-1 / immunology
  • Humans
  • Receptors, CCR5
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology*

Substances

  • AIDS Vaccines
  • Receptors, CCR5
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus